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Meridian (geography)

For the astronomical concept, see Meridian (astronomy). For other uses, see Meridian.
Meridians run between the North and South poles.

In geography and geodesy, a meridian is the locus connecting points of equal longitude, which is the angle (in degrees or other units) east or west of a given prime meridian (currently, the IERS Reference Meridian).[1] In other words, it is a line of longitude. The position of a point along the meridian is given by that longitude and its latitude, measured in angular degrees north or south of the Equator. On a Mercator projection or on a Gall-Peters projection, each meridian is perpendicular to all circles of latitude. A meridian is half of a great circle on Earth's surface. The length of a meridian on a modern ellipsoid model of Earth (WGS 84) has been estimated as 20,003.93 km (12,429.87 mi).[2]

  1. ^ Withers, Charles W. J. (2017). "Absurd Vanity". Zero Degrees. Harvard University Press. pp. 25–72. doi:10.4159/9780674978935-004. ISBN 978-0-674-97893-5. JSTOR j.ctt1n2ttsj.6.
  2. ^ Weintrit, Adam (2013). "So, What is Actually the Distance from the Equator to the Pole? – Overview of the Meridian Distance Approximations". TransNav. 7 (2): 259–272. doi:10.12716/1001.07.02.14.

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